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3GPP Release 15 — Detailed Technical Analysis Across RAN Working Groups 3GPP Release 15, finalized in June 2018, marks the first commercial standardization of 5G New Radio (NR). It laid the foundation for 5G networks through Standalone (SA) and Non-Standalone (NSA) modes, introducing a service-based, virtualized core network and new physical-layer technologies for enhanced capacity, latency, and flexibility. Below is a detailed breakdown of RAN1–RAN5 contributions, along with

Conformance testing ensures 5G New Radio (NR) base stations (gNBs) meet the stringent requirements defined by the 3rd Generation...

Introduction Building of new 5G networks, especially on new high-frequency mmWave bands, requires much denser cell sites than in...