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Cyclic Prefix (CP) in LTE & 5G
Introduction Cyclic Prefix (CP) is a crucial component in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, which are the...
Venkateshu Kamarthi
Jun 26, 20256 min read
Contention Resolution in Msg4 during RACH procedure
In LTE and 5G NR Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure, the gNB extracts specific UE identities from Msg3 to construct Msg4 (Contention...
Venkateshu Kamarthi
Jun 3, 20254 min read
O-RAN WG4 Open Fronthaul Specifications (CUS and M-Plane) v2.0 to v17.01
Introduction The O-RAN Alliance Workgroup 4 (WG4) focuses on defining open fronthaul interfaces between the O-DU (Distributed Unit) and...
Venkateshu Kamarthi
Apr 29, 20257 min read
5G PDCCH: Structure, DCI Formats, Resource Scheduling, and Comparison with 4G LTE
The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) is a cornerstone of 5G New Radio (NR) and 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) systems, serving as...
Venkateshu Kamarthi
Apr 22, 20256 min read
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